University. He argues for “strong impassibility,” according to which God does not experience emotional changes. The second view comes from Daniel Castelo (PhD, Duke University), professor of dogmatic and constructive theology at Seattle Pacific University, who asserts a “qualified impassibility,” in which God cannot be affected by an outside force against his own will (implying that God can be affected by that which he wills to be affected by). In contrast to these first two definitions, the next